Alzheimer’s medications – how do they work? What medications are most commonly used?

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Most of the elderly are affected by Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia cannot be completely cured, but properly selected drugs will effectively slow down its progression. They will also minimize troublesome symptoms. We present the drugs most often chosen by specialists, which are adjusted to the patient’s age and the progress of the disease.

Reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of Alzheimer’s

Reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are taken early in the disease. The most commonly used are donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine (not reimbursed). Tacrine is used less frequently due to its side effects. Some medications for people over 75 are reimbursed. AChEs improve memory and minimize the symptoms of the disease. However, they can cause side effects such as muscle cramps, insomnia and diarrhea.

N-methyl-D-aspartate agonists in the treatment of Alzheimer’s

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) agonists protect nerve cells from complete degeneration. Agonists include, among others memantine that should be administered together with donepezil. NMDA is used in patients who are struggling with moderate to severe Alzheimer’s.

Neuroleptics in the treatment of Alzheimer’s

Neuroleptics are psychotic drugs that are supposed to minimize the symptoms of schizophrenia and psychosis. They may be associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Most often, patients receive clozapine or risperidone.

Drugs to improve blood flow in the cerebral vessels in the treatment of Alzheimer’s

In the treatment of Alzheimer’s, drugs that improve blood flow in the cerebral vessels have proven to be very desirable. They improve the patient’s mental processes. The most frequently prescribed by a doctor are the choline precursor, ginkgo biloba extract, selegiline and vinpocetine.

Antidepressants in the treatment of Alzheimer’s

One of the worrying symptoms of Alzheimer’s is mood swings that often lead to depression. In this case, patients are given selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. They can be taken before going to bed as they have a calming effect. In addition to medications, the patient should also be referred to psychotherapy.

Hypnotics in the treatment of Alzheimer’s

People struggling with Alzheimer’s disease may also be given short-acting sleeping pills. If a patient is anxious, he has to take stronger doses. Drugs that contain axazepam and benzodiazepines are desirable. However, among the undesirable side effects, over-stimulation is mentioned.

Over-the-counter medications for Alzheimer’s

Over-the-counter medications may also contain substances that are helpful in treating Alzheimer’s disease. These include colostrinin tablets to prevent the build-up of age plaque (beta-amyloid). Coenzyme Q10 as well as vitamins A and E also delay the aging process. The same is true of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which can be dosed over a longer period of time.

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